Comparing SH Vs MV Cables for Optimal Power Transmission

Electricity, the lifeblood of modern industry, demands safe and efficient transmission systems. The consequences of selecting the wrong cables—the heart of any power transmission network—can be catastrophic, ranging from equipment failures to safety hazards and even life-threatening situations. This makes understanding different types of medium voltage cables and making informed choices based on operational requirements fundamental to maintaining stable power systems.

Medium voltage cables, designed for voltage levels typically between 5kV and 35kV, must balance electrical performance, mechanical strength, and safety considerations. Among the most common variants are SH-type and MV-type cables, along with MV-type cables featuring concentric stranded neutrals. Each serves distinct purposes in power transmission infrastructure.

SH-type cables excel in temporary power installations where mobility and frequent redeployment are required, such as mobile substations. Their standout feature is exceptional flexibility, allowing easy bending and maneuvering in confined spaces during installation and maintenance.

MV-type cables serve as the backbone for permanent power installations, including building power supplies and industrial equipment connections. Their robust construction ensures long-term reliability and performance stability in fixed applications while maintaining sufficient flexibility for various installation scenarios.

This specialized MV variant plays a critical role in power distribution systems—the final stage of electricity delivery from transmission networks to end-user equipment. The design incorporates thick conductor stranding and a rigid concentric stranded neutral to handle fault currents and imbalances in three-phase loads, though this construction typically results in reduced flexibility.

Rated for 15kV applications, unshielded jumper cables lack protective shielding layers, making them more vulnerable to electrical stresses. Their use demands additional safety precautions and should only be handled by trained professionals. These cables serve niche applications requiring temporary power connections.

SH cables adhere to ICEA S-75-381/NEMA WC-58 standards, while MV cables comply with UL 1072 requirements, reflecting their different operational purposes and safety profiles.

SH cables are engineered for temporary uses like mobile substations, whereas MV cables meet National Electrical Code (NEC) standards for permanent installations. MV cables often carry additional certifications for direct burial, sunlight resistance, and cable tray use.

Insulation levels differ significantly—SH cables feature 100% insulation, while MV cables offer both 100% and 133% options. Temperature ratings also vary, with SH cables rated for 90°C maximum conductor temperature compared to MV cables' 90°C (MV-90) or 105°C (MV-105) options.

The choice between SH and MV medium voltage cables ultimately depends on specific electrical system requirements and application environments. SH cables provide additional shielding against interference and faults, while concentric stranded neutral designs enhance electrical performance for long-distance power transmission scenarios.